Nachrichten aus der Wissenschaft

Capacitive deionization (CDI) displays the merits of having eco-friendliness and low energy consumption when capturing phosphorus. However, traditional carbon electrodes often suffer from the limitation that phosphorus uptake sites are insufficient.

Herein, a novel ZrO₂ nanoparticle equipped with a highly conductive carbon network (NZrC) was fabricated by a facile co-pyrolysis process. Na₂EDTA can provide additional carbon backbones, N species, and metal chelation sites. Zr-MOF was applied as the ZrO₂ precursor with abundant phosphorus trapping sites. The results suggested that Na₂EDTA favors improving the ZrO₂ dispersion, mesoporous channel formation, and pseudocapacitive behavior.

By leveraging nano-bubbles produced through the reaction between AC and NaOH without adding other pore-forming agents, the membrane-forming process of PSf was regulated.

It was found that the PSf LNF membranes prepared in NaOH-solution coagulation and immersion baths exhibited significantly enhanced permeation performance without compromising the rejection. These results suggested that the coagulation and immersion post-treatment processes under NaOH solution had a great effect upon the structure and the property of the membranes.

The LNF membrane prepared from 20 wt% PSf casting solution with 8 wt% AC achieved a permeation flux of 188.7 L m⁻² h⁻¹, […]

In this paper, the sandwich PEDOT:PSS@MXene film electrode was prepared by uniformly coating PEDOT:PSS film on the surface of MXene through template-assisted polymerization. The film improves the stability of the composite by protecting the Ti layer.

The specific capacitance of PEDOT:PSS@MXene performs 185.5 F g⁻¹ at 5 mV s⁻¹. The desalination capacity of hybrid AC//PEDOT:PSS@MXene cell in 500 mg L⁻¹ NaCl solution is 35.8 mg g⁻¹.

After 40 desalting cycles, the cell performs better retention rate than AC//MXene cell (82.5 %), which keeps 97.2 %.

The morphology and structure of composite show no exists of TiO₂ […]

A novel composite film, constructed through polypyrrole particle stacking and polydopamine space-filling, demonstrates exceptional performance in dye/salt separation with high water flux (>600 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹) and near-perfect dye rejection (~100%).

The film’s unique patterned surface structure, created by microsphere arrangement and inter-structure adaptation assembly, provides excellent contamination tolerance and rinsing regeneration capabilities, while computational fluid dynamics simulations reveal that high shear stress and vortex flow in interstitial spaces reduce contaminant deposition.

This innovative composite film, exhibiting good structural stability and mechanical strength in complex water environments, unveils crucial […]

Nanofiltration technology is essential for drinking water purification, yet oxidizing agents in pretreatment can degrade membrane performance.

This study introduces a polyester nanofiltration membrane using xylose, providing a hydrophilic, thin separation layer with high permeance (28.7 L·m²·h⁻¹·bar⁻¹) and strong Na₂SO₄ rejection (95.4%).

With robust chlorine resistance and stability across pH levels, this green monomer-based membrane offers an effective, sustainable approach to enhancing nanofiltration durability and efficiency.

(Source)

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) present a promising approach to atmospheric water harvesting (AWH), though their effectiveness varies across humidity conditions.

This study developed composite MOFs (CMOFs) with hygroscopic salts using a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis to boost water uptake, optimizing aluminum sources and dispersants.

Results showed that CMOF-303-NaOH exhibited stable and high water adsorption (up to 2.05 g·g⁻¹ at 95% RH), offering a novel method to improve MOF performance in AWH applications.

(Source)