Review on droplet falling film evaporation in desalination: A focus on heat transfer enhancement of micro-nano structured surfaces – China
Extensive research on horizontal tube falling film evaporation in desalination has been conducted on flow modes, flow and heat transfer characteristics and enhanced heat transfer structures. Studies on the flow modes have found that the heat transfer rate of the droplet mode is was markedly greater than that of the column mode and sheet mode due to the effects of thinning liquid film and increasing interface area in the droplet falling film evaporation.
The current measures to attain droplet falling film evaporation on smooth horizontal tubes involve reducing its flow density to the extent [âŠ]
Transforming waste into value: Efficient recycling of KCl and NHâF via electrodialysis metathesis – China
This KCl by-product often contains unreacted KF and organic solvents, complicating recycling efforts and leading to its classification as waste salt. Conventional methods for managing this waste salt typically involve landfilling, outsourcing treatment, and on-site regeneration. However, landfilling poses significant environmental risks, while outsourced treatment can incur substantial costs. In this context, on-site regeneration of KCl emerges as a promising solution that balances economic feasibility with environmental sustainability, underscoring the pressing need for innovative approaches to waste management in the fluorine chemistry sector.
A super-hygroscopic SA-MXene@LiCl composite membrane with fast ab/desorption kinetics for efficient sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting – China GallerieA super-hygroscopic SA-MXene@LiCl composite membrane with fast ab/desorption kinetics for efficient sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting – China
A super-hygroscopic SA-MXene@LiCl composite membrane with fast ab/desorption kinetics for efficient sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting – China
Here, a thin, porous, mechanically stable and high LiCl-loading content super-hygroscopic SA-MXene@LiCl membrane (SM@LiCl) was fabricated via vacuum-assisted filtration and freeze-drying methods. The thin and porous characteristics of the cross-linked SA-MXene network significantly reduce moisture transport resistance, while the wrapped hygroscopic LiCl effectively enhances its moisture capture capacity.
When applied to SAWH, this nanocomposite membrane demonstrates an impressive water uptake performance of 1.69 g gâ1 within 1 h at 45 % RH and releases over 65 % of absorbed water after only 0.5 h of sunlight irradiation (1 kW/m2).
With its high moisture sorption capacity and rapid [âŠ]
Preparation of hydrogen evolution electrode from nickel slag: Crystal surface modulation and selective growth – China
According to the density functional theory calculations, the crystal surface with the best catalytic properties is Ni (111). Based on the theoretical calculations, this work proposed controlling the reduction order and reduction efficiency of Ni2+ and H2O in the nickel slag leachate during electrolysis to modulation of crystal surface growth of Ni. Moreover, amorphous Ni(OH)2 was designed to selectively grow in Ni product to further improve the catalytic performance of Ni (1 1 1).
The electrodes with the best catalytic performance for hydrogen evolution were obtained when the electrodeposition conditions were 30 min, 0.05 M, and [âŠ]
Enhanced operating voltage and desalination performance using ionic liquids as electrolyte for flow electrode capacitive deionisation – China
The results showed that the brine flow rate was the most significant factor affecting the desalination efficiency of the aqueous and ionic liquid FCDI systems (pâŻ<âŻ0.0001). The optimal process conditions for the ionic liquid system fitted by the model were as follows: 6.6âŻwt% activated carbon content in the electrode slurry, a brine flow rate of 45âŻmL/min, an initial brine concentration of 1âŻg/L, and an electrolyte ratio of N, N-Dimethylformamide/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborateâŻ=âŻ3.
The desalination effect of FCDI under the above optimal process conditions was up to 99.739âŻ% at a voltage of 3.5âŻV, and the water-desalting efficiency [âŠ]
Preparation of hydrophilic Cr-doped LiTi2(PO4)3 ion sieves with expanded cell structure for enhanced lithium extraction – China
Phosphate-based HTi2(PO4)3 was a novel lithium ion with a NASICON network structure. In this work, Cr doped was used to improve the adsorption performance by expanding the Li+ transport channel and increasing the hydrophilicity of the adsorbent. The crystal structure of Cr-LTPO-0.5 was characterized by XRD, XPS, Contact angle and FT-IR analysis, and the morphology of Cr-LTPO-0.5 was analyzed by SEM and HR-TEM.
Cr-HTPO-0.5 was obtained after acid washing of Cr-LTPO-0.5. The adsorption of Li+ on Cr-HTPO-0.5 was consistent with the Langmuir isothermal model and pseudo-2nd-order kinetic model, in which the adsorption was endothermic [âŠ]
The application of pressure-driven ceramic-based membrane for the treatment of saline wastewater and desalinationâA review – China
Ceramic membranes are specifically defined as separation membranes made from metal oxides like ZrO2, TiO2, Al2O3, and SiO2, as well as materials such as SiC and C3N4. The main configurations of ceramic membranes are flat-sheet, single-tube, and multi-channel designs. Among these, tubular and multi-channel ceramic membranes, which offer higher surface area, mechanical strength, and efficiency, are steadily expanding their industrial applications.
Facile constructing ZrO2 nanoparticles equipped with high conductivity carbon networks as pseudocapacitive anodes for removing phosphorus – China GallerieFacile constructing ZrO2 nanoparticles equipped with high conductivity carbon networks as pseudocapacitive anodes for removing phosphorus – China
Facile constructing ZrO2 nanoparticles equipped with high conductivity carbon networks as pseudocapacitive anodes for removing phosphorus – China
Capacitive deionization (CDI) displays the merits of having eco-friendliness and low energy consumption when capturing phosphorus. However, traditional carbon electrodes often suffer from the limitation that phosphorus uptake sites are insufficient.
Herein, a novel ZrO2 nanoparticle equipped with a highly conductive carbon network (NZrC) was fabricated by a facile co-pyrolysis process. Na2EDTA can provide additional carbon backbones, N species, and metal chelation sites. Zr-MOF was applied as the ZrO2 precursor with abundant phosphorus trapping sites. The results suggested that Na2EDTA favors improving the ZrO2 dispersion, mesoporous channel formation, and pseudocapacitive behavior.
Synthesizing high performance robust PSf loose nanofiltration membranes through nanobubble-assisted pore-forming – China
By leveraging nano-bubbles produced through the reaction between AC and NaOH without adding other pore-forming agents, the membrane-forming process of PSf was regulated.
It was found that the PSf LNF membranes prepared in NaOH-solution coagulation and immersion baths exhibited significantly enhanced permeation performance without compromising the rejection. These results suggested that the coagulation and immersion post-treatment processes under NaOH solution had a great effect upon the structure and the property of the membranes.
The LNF membrane prepared from 20 wt% PSf casting solution with 8 wt% AC achieved a permeation flux of 188.7 L mâ2 hâ1, [âŠ]